import sys from time import sleep import pygame from settings import Settings from game_stats import GameStats from scoreboard import Scoreboard from button import Button from ship import Ship from bullet import Bullet from alien import Alien class AlienInvasion: """Overall class to manage game assets and behavior""" def __init__(self): """Initialize the game, and create game resourses""" pygame.init() self.settings = Settings() self.screen = pygame.display.set_mode((0, 0), pygame.FULLSCREEN) self.settings.screen_width = self.screen.get_rect().width self.settings.screen_height = self.screen.get_rect().height pygame.display.set_caption("Alien Invasion") # Create an instance to store game statistics and create a scoreboard self.stats = GameStats(self) self.sb = Scoreboard(self) self.ship = Ship(self) self.bullets = pygame.sprite.Group() self.aliens = pygame.sprite.Group() self._create_fleet() # Make the Play button self.play_button = Button(self, "Play") # Set the background color self.bg_color = (230, 230, 230) def run_game(self): """Start the main loop for the game""" while True: self._check_events() if self.stats.game_active: self.ship.update() self._update_bullets() self._update_aliens() self._update_screen() def _check_events(self): """Respond to keypresses and mouse events""" for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == pygame.QUIT: sys.exit() elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN: self._check_keydown_events(event) elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP: self._check_keyup_events(event) elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN: mouse_pos = pygame.mouse.get_pos() self._check_play_button(mouse_pos) def _check_play_button(self, mouse_pos): """Start a new game when the player clicks Play""" button_clicked = self.play_button.rect.collidepoint(mouse_pos) if button_clicked and not self.stats.game_active: # Reset the game statistics self.settings.initialize_dynamic_settings() self.stats.reset_stats() self.stats.game_active = True self.sb.prep_score() self.sb.prep_level() self.sb.prep_ships() # Get rid of any remaining aliens and bullets self.aliens.empty() self.bullets.empty() # Create a new fleet and center the ship self._create_fleet() self.ship.center_ship() # Hide the mouse cursor pygame.mouse.set_visible(False) def _check_keyup_events(self, event): """Respond to keypresses""" if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: self.ship.moving_right = False elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: self.ship.moving_left = False elif event.key == pygame.K_q: sys.exit() def _check_keydown_events(self, event): """Respond to key releases""" if event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT: # Move the ship to the right self.ship.moving_right = True elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT: # Move the ship to the left self.ship.moving_left = True elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE: self._fire_bullet() def _fire_bullet(self): """Create a new bullet and add it to the bullets group""" if len(self.bullets) < self.settings.bullets_allowed: new_bullet = Bullet(self) self.bullets.add(new_bullet) def _update_bullets(self): """Update position of bullets and get rid of old bullets""" # Update bullet positions self.bullets.update() #Get rid of bullets that have disappeared for bullet in self.bullets.copy(): if bullet.rect.bottom <= 0: self.bullets.remove(bullet) self._check_bullet_alien_collisions() def _check_bullet_alien_collisions(self): """Respond to bullet-alien collisions""" # Check for any bullets that have hit aliens. If so, get rid fo the bullet and the alien collisions = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(self.bullets, self.aliens, True, True) if not self.aliens: # Destroy existing bullets and create new fleet self.bullets.empty() self._create_fleet() self.settings.increase_speed() # Increase level self.stats.level += 1 self.sb.prep_level() if collisions: for aliens in collisions.values(): self.stats.score += self.settings.alien_points * len(aliens) self.sb.prep_score() self.sb.check_high_score() def _update_aliens(self): """Check if the fleet is at an edge, then update the position of all aliens in the fleet""" self._check_fleet_edges() self.aliens.update() # Look for alien-ship collisions if pygame.sprite.spritecollideany(self.ship, self.aliens): self._ship_hit() # Look for aliens hitting the bottom of the screen self._check_aliens_bottom() def _update_screen(self): """Update images on the screen, and flip to the new screen.""" # Redraw the screen during each pass through the loop self.screen.fill(self.settings.bg_color) self.ship.blitme() for bullet in self.bullets.sprites(): bullet.draw_bullet() self.aliens.draw(self.screen) # Draw the score infromation self.sb.show_score() # Draw the play button if the game is inactive if not self.stats.game_active: self.play_button.draw_button() # Make the most recently drawn screen visible pygame.display.flip() def _create_fleet(self): """Create the fleet of aliens""" # Create an alien and find the number of aliens in a row # Spacing between each alien is equal to one alien width alien = Alien(self) alien_width, alien_height = alien.rect.size available_space_x = self.settings.screen_width - (2 * alien_width) number_aliens_x = available_space_x // (2 * alien_width) # Determine the number of rows of aliens that fit on the screen ship_height = self.ship.rect.height available_space_y = (self.settings.screen_height - (3 * alien_height) - ship_height) number_rows = available_space_y // (2 * alien_height) #### Testing purposes #### #number_rows = 5 # Create the full fleet of aliens for row_number in range(number_rows): for alien_number in range(number_aliens_x): self._create_alien(alien_number, row_number) def _create_alien(self, alien_number, row_number): """Create an alien and place it in the row""" alien = Alien(self) alien_width, alien_height = alien.rect.size alien.x = alien_width + 2 * alien_width * alien_number alien.rect.x = alien.x alien.rect.y = alien.rect.height + 2 * alien.rect.height * row_number self.aliens.add(alien) def _check_fleet_edges(self): """Respond appropriately if any aliens have reached an edge""" for alien in self.aliens.sprites(): if alien.check_edges(): self._change_fleet_direction() break def _change_fleet_direction(self): """Drop the entire fleet and change the fleet's direction""" for alien in self.aliens.sprites(): alien.rect.y += self.settings.fleet_drop_speed self.settings.fleet_direction *= -1 def _ship_hit(self): """Respond to the ship being hit by an alien""" if self.stats.ships_left > 0: # Decrement ships left and update scoreboard self.stats.ships_left -= 1 self.sb.prep_ships() # Get rid of any remaining aliens and bullets self.aliens.empty() self.bullets.empty() #Create a new fleet and center the ship self._create_fleet() self.ship.center_ship() # Pause sleep(0.5) else: self.stats.game_active = False pygame.mouse.set_visible(True) def _check_aliens_bottom(self): """Check if any aliens have reached the bottom of the screen""" screen_rect = self.screen.get_rect() for alien in self.aliens.sprites(): if alien.rect.bottom >= screen_rect.bottom: # Treat this the same as if the ship got hit self._ship_hit() break if __name__ == '__main__': # Make a game instance, and run the game ai = AlienInvasion() ai.run_game()